INPUT INFORMATION
WALL NUMBER:
CROSS SECTION:
ALLAN BLOCK PARAMETERS
WALL PARAMETERS
block height:
number of block courses:
footing width:
block depth:
total wall height:
footing depth:
block length:
embedment depth in courses:
toe extension:
unit percent concrete:
total embedment depth:
geogrid length:
unit percent voids:
geogrid length:
block setback:
SURCHARGE PARAMETERS
BACKSLOPE PARAMETERS
TUMBLE EUROPA COLLECTION
surcharge:
backslope angle:
1=Live Load
2=Dead Load
1=YES
2=NO
backslope height:
surcharge type:
SEISMIC PARAMETERS
SEISMIC FORCE ANALYSIS METHOD (SFAM):
1=Live Load
2=Dead Load
point load:
acceleration
coefficient:
Trapizoidal Wedge = 1
Active Wedge Weight = 2
surcharge type:
allowable lateral deflection:
Greater of the Two = 3
Contact area boundaries from toe of wall:
internal:
starting point:
external:
ending point:
SOIL PARAMETERS
INFILL SOIL
RETAINED SOIL
FOUNDATION SOIL
LEVELING PAD SOIL
friction angle:
friction angle:
friction angle:
friction angle:
unit weight:
unit weight:
unit weight:
Bearing Method:
Static =
Siesmic =
1=AB Modified
2=Meyerhof
ASHLAR BLEND (Reduction for
Abby Blend included in Europa)
1=YES
2=NO
GEOGRID PARAMETERS
long term allowable design strength
reduction factor for long term creep:
number of geogrid layers:
geogrid type A:
geogrid type A:
geogrid type B:
geogrid type B:
factor of safety geogrid overstress (Static):
factor of safety geogrid overstress (Seismic):
CONNECTION STRENGTH PARAMETERS
PEAK CONNECTION CAPACITY, in the form of a linear equation.
where:
GEOGRID TYPE A
GEOGRID TYPE B
segment #1
y intercept:
segment #1
y intercept:
slope:
slope:
segment #2
y intercept:
segment #2
y intercept:
slope:
slope:
Intersecting Normal Load
Intersecting Normal Load
Maximum tested value:
Maximum tested value:
BLOCK SHEAR PARAMETERS
Block setback greater
than or equal to 6 degrees:
Block setback less
than 6 degrees:
of tested values.
GEOGRID LAYOUT PARAMETERS
range of geogrid layers:
geogrid coursing:
geogrid type:
geogrid length:
represents the top
of leveling pad.
GEOGRID LAYERS ABOVE THE WALL
Are there Geogrid layers
above the wall?
1 for Yes
2 for No
How far above the top block to the first layer of grid:
Spacing between layers:
How many layers above wall are required:
Length of Grid and Type:
EFFECTIVE WALL HEIGHT AND BROKEN BACK SLOPE DETERMINATION
equivalent lip thickness:
effective wall height:
BROKEN BACK SLOPE CALCULATIONS, i
Internal Calculations:
Determine the true backslope angle:
THEREFORE:
External Calculations:
THEREFORE:
CALCULATION OF STATIC AND DYNAMIC EARTH PRESSURE COEFFICIENTS
weighted friction angle:
wall batter:
STATIC:
Active earth pressure coefficient:
Infill
Soil
Retained
Soil
DYNAMIC:
Seismic Coefficients:
Internal Stability
External Stability
For: di=0 in
For: dr=0 in
For di>=1 in
For dr>=1 in
Seismic inertial angle:
Maximum allowable slope under seismic conditions:
Kaei and Kaer equations do not negative under the square root bracket.
Dynamic earth pressure coefficient:
Retained
Soil
Infill
Soil
EXTERNAL STABILITY
Where:
concrete unit weight:
unit fill unit weight:
DRIVING FORCE CALCULATIONS
ACTIVE EARTH
FORCE:
MOMENT ARMS:
DYNAMIC EARTH
FORCE:
MOMENT ARMS:
Determine the furthest point back from the toe of the wall that ANY surcharge will apply force to the wall (MaxPoint):
If the surcharge is behind the mass determine the distance from the back of the mass to the face of the square foot surcharge (qx1):
Determine the effective height of the square foot surcharge if the force is behind the mass (
Determine the end of grid at the top of the wall:
Determine the effective height of the square foot surcharge to use if the force is behind the mass (He_q):
Determine the end of grid at the effective height of the square foot surcharge:
SQUARE FOOT SURCHARGE INLUENCE:
If the square foot surcharge acts above the mass the applied load is the q as input above.
behind the mass the load is translated down into the soil to a point at which the force lines intersect the back of the mass.
This translation through the soil causes the load to be distributed over a larger footprint.
Surcharge based on its position relative to the reinforced mass:
SQUARE FOOT SURCHARGE FORCE:
MOMENT ARMS:
POINT LOAD SURCHARGE:
If the surcharge is behind the mass determine the distance from the back of the mass to the face of the square foot surcharge (Qx1):
Determine the effective height of the square foot surcharge if the force is behind the mass (
Determine the effective height of the point load surcharge to use if the force is behind the mass (He_Q):
Location of the end of the grid at the YQpt elevation:
If the ending position of the point load surcharge (x2) is beyond the MaxPoint of influence the load is truncated at the MaxPoint location:
If the point load surcharge acts above the mass the applied load is the P as input above.
behind the mass the load is translated down into the soil to a point at which the force lines intersect the back of the mass.
This translation through the soil causes the load to be distributed over a larger footprint.
calculates the translated square foot surcharge.
Point Load Surcharge Influence
If the point load contacts only with the reinforced mass it will add stability to the wall structure, therefore the loads are only considered in the internal stability calculations.
If the point load contacts in beyond the reinforced mass and its influence zone buffer it will only affect the external stability. If it overlaps both the influence zone and retained soil it will effect both internal and external stability.
If the point load contact beyond the reinforced mass plus its influence zone buffer it will have no effect on the wall, Qpt=0.
Qpt is the translated distributed point load surcharge used to determine the point load force that will be influencing the external stability of the retaining wall structure.
POINT LOAD
SURCHARGE
FORCE:
MOMENT ARM:
POINT LOAD
SURCHARGE
WEIGHT:
MOMENT ARM:
RESISTING FORCE CALCULATIONS:
WEIGHT OF THE
BACKSLOPE:
MOMENT ARM:
Determine the position of the square foot surcharge (qp):
MOMENT ARM for Weight of Dead Load Surcharge:
WEIGHT OF THE
DEAD LOAD
SURCHARGE:
WEIGHT OF
THE FACING:
WEIGHT OF THE
REINFORCED
SOIL MASS:
MOMENT ARM:
TOTAL WEIGHT:
SLIDING
RESISTANCE:
The weight of each component of the wall structure has a horizontal inertial force acting at its centroid during a seismic event.
weight of the block face:
weight of the reinforced
soil mass:
weight of the backslope
soil:
SEISMIC
INERTIAL
FORCE:
MOMENT ARM:
EXTERNAL STABILITY FACTORS OF SAFETY
FACTOR OF SAFETY FOR SLIDING:
Static Conditions: FSstaticsliding>=1.5
Seismic Conditions:
FACTOR OF SAFETY FOR OVERTURNING:
Static Conditions:
Seismic Conditions: FSseismicoverturning>=1.5
BEARING CAPACITY CALCULATIONS: Standard Method
Vertical Force Resultant:
Location of the Resultant Force:
Determine the eccentricity, E, of the resultant vertical force.
Determine the average bearing pressure acting at the centerline of the wall.
Determine the moment about the centerline of the wall due to the resultant bearing load.
section modulus
Differenced in bearing pressure due to the eccentric loading.
therefore:
Meyerhof Method:
Determine the effective lenght of the bearing pad
Determine the applied load on the bearing pad
ULTIMATE BEARING CAPACITY CALCULATION:
Meyerhof bearing capacity equation:
Where:
Therefore:
Factor of safety:
INTERNAL STABILITY
Free Body Diagram
Where:
He_i
h_vc
Area_b
Area_a
Internal Effective Height:
For internal stability calculations sample calculations will be shown for grid layer #1.
STATIC LOADS, use the subscript "s"
influence area:
active earth pressure per grid layer:
surcharge pressure:
point load surcharge pressure:
SEISMIC (DYNAMIC) LOADS: use the subscript, "d"
Inclination of Coulomb failure surface for internal stability (
Weight of the active wedge in the infill zone:
Weight of the active wedge in the backslope:
dynamic earth pressure based on Active Wedge threoy:
dynamic earth pressure based on Trapezoidal theory:
Active Wedge threoy:
Trapezoidal theory:
seismic inertial force:
STATIC:
SEISMIC:
geogrid tensile strength
FACTOR OF SAFETY, Static:
FACTOR OF SAFETY, Seismic:
normal load:
peak connection strength:
Does calculated value exceed that maximum tested?:
FACTOR OF SAFETY CONNECTION STRENGTH, Static:
FACTOR OF SAFETY CONNECTION STRENGTH, Seismic
GEOGRID PULLOUT FROM THE SOIL:
Equations for each segment of the line of maximum tension:
segment #1:
where: x=distance to the line of maximum tension
segment #2:
Setting these two equations equal to each other yields the elevation of their intersection point:
Therefore the length of geogrid embedded beyond the line of maximum tension is the following:
End of Geogrid Location
Line of Maximum Tension for Bi-Linear - Static:
For geogrid elevation < yint
For geogrid elevations > yint
Line of Maximum Tension for Linear Plane - dynamic:
geogrid embedment length - Static:
geogrid embedment length - dynamic:
surcharge geogrid length - Static:
surcharge geogrid length - dynamic:
point load geogrid length - Static:
For x1 < the line of maximum tension
point load geogrid length - dynamic:
For x1 < the line of maximum tension
For x1 is between the line of maximum tension and the end of geogrid
For x1 is between the line of maximum tension and the end of geogrid
For x1 >the end of the geogrid
For x1 >the end of the geogrid
Determine the distance down to each layer of geogrid:
pullout capacity - Static:
pullout capacity - dynamic:
FACTOR OF SAFETY GEOGRID PULLOUT, static:
FACTOR OF SAFETY GEOGRID PULLOUT, dynamic:
Static Conditions:
Seismic Conditions:
LOCALIZED STABILITY, TOP OF THE WALL STABILITY
LOCAL WALL PARAMETERS:
unreinforced height:
local weight of facing:
SOIL AND SURCHARGE FORCES:
active force:
dynamic force:
seismic inertial force:
Determine the maximum point back where the any surcharge will not effect the wall:
surcharge force:
point load surcharge:
LOCAL SLIDNG RESISTANCE:
Total weight acting to resist sliding of the top of wall:
local sliding resistance:
FACTOR OF SAFETY LOCAL SLIDING, Static:
FACTOR OF SAFETY LOCAL SLIDING, Seismic:
FACTOR OF SAFETY LOCAL OVERTURNING, Static:
FACTOR OF SAFETY LOCAL OVERTURNING, Siesmic:
range of courses:
Course Coord
Determine twenty equal divisions between back of reinforced mass and the horizontal limit:
Coordinates of Entrance Points (Equal to # of Courses):
Input Values from AB Walls:
fixes the number of soil
wedges to 20.
Wedge Properties:
Where :
Weight of square foot surcharge per wedge:
Wt_Sf = q *
Weight of point load surcharge per wedge:
Wt_pt = Qpi *
Total weight of surcharges:
Sliding Resistance Due to Soil Weight, Surcharges and Soil Frictional Interaction:
Lateral Sliding Force:
Sum of Lateral Sliding Forces:
GEOGRID INTERACTION
represents the top of leveling pad.
Course
Elevation:
Ngrid_b = The weight or confining pressure from soil above Le_grid_b
Normal load above grid:
where:
Geogrid Layer strength is limited to it's LTDS:
Soil resistance portion:
Ngrid_f = The weight or confining pressure from soil above Le_grid_b
Normal load above grid:
where:
Geogrid Layer strength is limited to it's LTDS:
Connection Capacity Portion:
walls and tumbled product.
GEOGRID LAYERS ABOVE THE WALL
Are there Geogrid layers
above the wall?
1 for Yes
2 for No
How far above the top block to the first layer of grid:
How many layers above wall are required:
Spacing between layers:
Length of Grid and Type:
Starting and ending grid coordinates:
Geogrid intersection point with Slip-Arc:
Start of
grid:
End of
grid:
Grid Length in front of Slip-Arc:
Grid Length behind Slip-Arc:
Normal load above grid:
Determine if the pullout of grid from soil is greater than the LTDS of the grid:
Normal load above grid:
Determine if the pullout of grid from soil is greater than the LTDS of the grid:
Allowable Resisting force from Geogrids placed above the wall:
WALL FACING CONTRIBUTION
The Wall facing is subject to lateral forces from the soil load and a vertical normal load from the block facing.
Determine if the driving forces due to soil weight and surcharges exceed the resisting forced due to the soil friction and geogrid:
If this value is POSITIVE the driving force has exceeded the resisting force and the sliding wedge has been mobilized.
BLOCK SHEAR TEST RESULTS
Results are based on independent test lab findings.
User defined Shear Capacity:
Shear at Arc Number Zero:
Determine if the calculated shear is greater than the allowed shear:
These equations are based on the Allan Block shear strength.
Determine if the calculated shear is greater than the allowed shear:
Determine if the Slip Arc passes thought the facing at a grid layer:
Elevation of Slip Arc above leveling pad:
Elevation of grid layer above Slip Arc:
Distance Below grade:
Elevation of grid layer below Slip Arc:
Distance Below grade:
Soil Load between grid layers or driving from above if applicable:
Normal load required to prevent overturning:
Therefore :
Distribution of Connection Strength at facing:
Above Slip Arc:
Below Slip Arc:
Frictional portion of base material (Vo):
Sum of Connection Contribution:
Determine the lesser of bock Shear OR Connection Contribution:
Note:
STATIC
Initial input Safety Factor from AB Walls 10:
SIESMIC
Initial input Safety Factor from AB Walls 10:
Relative data for analyzed Slip Arc:
Exit elevation above Base Material:
Initial Safety Factor for instability:
Iterated Safety Factor for instability:
Enterance coordinates:
Coordinates for center of Slip Arc Circle:
Radius of Slip Arc Circle:
SUMMARY OF RESULTS
Infill Soil:
Retained Soil:
Foundation Soil:
Wall Height:
Block Setback:
Backslope Angle:
Backslope Height:
Surcharge Load:
Point Load Surcharge:
Point Load Location:
Geogrid Type A:
Seismic Coefficient:
Geogrid Type B:
Allowable Deflection:
Number of Layers:
Geogrid Length:
Factor of Safety for Sliding:
Factor of Safety for Sliding:
Factor of Safety for Overturning:
Factor of Safety for Overturning:
Ultimate Bearing
Capacity:
Width of Footing:
Width of Reinforcement:
Toe Extension:
Bearing pressure:
When reinforcement is present it shall always be placed 6in from the bottom of the footing.
Depth of Footing:
Factor of Safety:
The minimum footing dimensions are 6in deep by 24in wide.
Factor of Safety for Sliding:
Factor of Safety for Sliding:
Factor of Safety for Overturning:
Factor of Safety for Overturning:
Geogrid Length:
Allowable
Load
Factor Safety
Pullout Block:
Geogrid Length:
Allowable
Load
Factor Safety
Pullout Block: